Getting Started
Indices
Inflammation
Bone and mineral
Glucose and insulin
Lipids
Nerve and blood vessel
Oxidative stress and fibrosis
Kidney and protein
Cartilage
TGF-β1
Transforming growth factor-β1
High
12.7ng·mL⁻¹Ref 1–8 ng·mL⁻¹
Z +4.69↑ Bad
The card shows an example result of 12.7 ng·mL⁻¹, which is 4.69 SD above the mean.
What it measures
Transforming growth factor-β1 drives wound healing and calms the immune system. When it stays high, it drives scarring, or fibrosis, in organs.
Reference range
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | TGF-β1 |
| Group | Oxidative stress and fibrosis |
| Unit | ng·mL⁻¹ |
| Healthy range | 1–8 |
| Mean | 4.5 |
| SD | 1.75 |
| Direction | ↑ Bad — a raised value is the concern. |
The mean is (low + high) / 2 and the SD is (high − low) / 4, so the healthy range covers Z from −2 to +2.
Reading the result
- High — Linked to fibrosis in the liver, kidney, lungs, and heart.
- Low — Not the concern this panel tracks.
Notes
- Platelets hold a lot of TGF-β1, so serum values are much higher than plasma values.
- This page is general information, not medical advice. Discuss results with a clinician.