Getting Started
Indices
Inflammation
Bone and mineral
Glucose and insulin
Lipids
Nerve and blood vessel
Oxidative stress and fibrosis
Kidney and protein
Cartilage
ALB
Serum albumin
Low
2.8g·dL⁻¹Ref 3.5–5 g·dL⁻¹
Z -3.87↓ Bad
The card shows an example result of 2.8 g·dL⁻¹, which is 3.87 SD below the mean.
What it measures
Albumin is made by the liver. It holds fluid in the blood vessels and carries hormones, medicines, and minerals.
Reference range
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | ALB |
| Group | Kidney and protein |
| Unit | g·dL⁻¹ |
| Healthy range | 3.5–5 |
| Mean | 4.25 |
| SD | 0.375 |
| Direction | ↓ Bad — a lowered value is the concern. |
The mean is (low + high) / 2 and the SD is (high − low) / 4, so the healthy range covers Z from −2 to +2.
Reading the result
- High — Not the concern this panel tracks. High values usually mean dehydration.
- Low — Can mean poor nutrition, liver disease, kidney loss of protein, or inflammation. It is linked to frailty and poorer outcomes.
Notes
- Albumin falls during inflammation, even with good nutrition.
- This page is general information, not medical advice. Discuss results with a clinician.